This article explores the importance of walkability in urban design and its impact on public health, sustainability and quality of life. The article reviews the history of walkability research, from urban planning concepts in the early 20th century to interdisciplinary research in recent years, particularly developments in the fields of transportation, public health, and environmental psychology. Assessment tools are divided into result-oriented and process-oriented, and further subdivided into subjective and objective measurement tools. The characteristics and application scenarios of each type of tools are introduced in detail. It specifically analyzes the working principles, data sources and evaluation indicators of mainstream assessment tools such as Walk Score, Walkonomics, NEWS, PEDS, and Virtual-STEPS. In addition, the article introduces the latest progress in automated walkability assessment using street view images, deep learning, and machine learning technologies, and analyzes the future development trends of walkability assessment tools, including the change in the role of subjective tools, the improvement of tool applicability, and data Advances in collection technology and the convergence of interdisciplinary research. Research methods include literature screening, classification and comparison, case studies and trend forecasting. The results demonstrate the diversity, strengths, and limitations of walkability assessment tools, as well as the potential of automated audit tools, and suggest directions for future research.
研究内容
Research contents
步行性的定义与重要性：文章阐述了步行性作为城市设计关键组成部分的概念，强调了其对公共健康、可持续性和生活质量的影响。
步行性研究的历史与发展：追溯了步行性研究的起源，从20世纪初的城市规划理念到近年来跨学科研究的兴起，特别是其在交通、公共健康和环境心理学领域的发展。
步行性评估工具的分类：将评估工具分为结果导向型和过程导向型两大类，并进一步细分为主观和客观测量工具，详细介绍了各类工具的特点和应用场景。
具体评估工具的分析：深入探讨了Walk Score、Walkonomics、NEWS、PEDS、Virtual-STEPS等主流评估工具的工作原理、数据来源、评估指标及其在不同研究中的应用案例。
自动化审计工具与新兴技术：介绍了利用街景图像、深度学习和机器学习技术进行步行性自动化评估的最新进展，展示了这些技术在提高评估效率和准确性方面的潜力。
步行性研究的未来趋势：分析了步行性评估工具的发展趋势，包括主观工具角色的转变、工具适用性的提高、数据收集技术的进步以及跨学科研究的融合。
The definition and importance of walkability: The article explains the concept of walkability as a key component of urban design, highlighting its impact on public health,
sustainability, and quality of life.
The History and Development of Walkability Research: Traces the origins of walkability research from urban planning concepts in the early 20th century to the rise of
interdisciplinary research in recent years, particularly in the fields of transportation, public health, and environmental psychology.
Classification of walkability assessment tools: Assessment tools are divided into two categories: result-oriented and process-oriented, and further subdivided into
subjective and objective measurement tools. The characteristics and application scenarios of each type of tools are introduced in detail.
Analysis of specific assessment tools: In-depth discussion of the working principles, data sources, assessment indicators and application cases of mainstream assessment
tools such as Walk Score, Walkonomics, NEWS, PEDS, and Virtual-STEPS in different studies.
Automated Audit Tools and Emerging Technologies: Presents recent advances in automated walkability assessment using Street View imagery, deep learning, and machine
learning techniques, demonstrating the potential of these technologies to improve assessment efficiency and accuracy.
Future trends in walkability research: The development trends of walkability assessment tools are analyzed, including the changing role of subjective tools, increasing tool
applicability, advances in data collection technology, and the integration of interdisciplinary research.
研究方法
Research methods
文献筛选：通过Scopus、Web of Science和MEDLINE等学术数据库，筛选出2010年至2024年间与步行性评估工具相关的高质量论文。
分类与比较：将筛选出的文献按照评估工具的类型（结果导向型、过程导向型）、测量方式（主观、客观）进行分类，并对各类工具的特点、优势和局限性进行比较分析。
案例研究：通过具体案例展示了不同评估工具在实际研究中的应用，如Walk Score在测量邻里步行性、NEWS在评估儿童步行环境感知等方面的应用。
趋势预测：基于现有文献的分析，预测了步行性评估工具的未来发展趋势，包括技术革新、跨学科融合等方面。
Literature screening: Through academic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE, high-quality papers related to walkability assessment tools from 2010
to 2024 were screened.
Classification and comparison: Classify the selected literature according to the type of assessment tool (result-oriented, process-oriented) and measurement method
(subjective, objective), and conduct a comparative analysis of the characteristics, advantages and limitations of various tools.
Case study: Through specific cases, the application of different assessment tools in actual research is demonstrated, such as the application of Walk Score in measuring
neighborhood walkability, NEWS in assessing children's perception of walking environment, etc.
Trend prediction: Based on the analysis of existing literature, the future development trend of walkability assessment tools is predicted, including technological innovation,
interdisciplinary integration, etc.
研究结果
Research conclusions
步行性评估工具的多样性：识别并分类了多种步行性评估工具，展示了这些工具在评估维度、数据来源、用户友好性等方面的差异。
工具的优势与局限性：分析了各类评估工具的优势（如直观性、详细性、灵活性）和局限性（如数据局限性、主观偏见、资源消耗），为选择合适的评估工具提供了依据。
自动化审计工具的潜力：强调了自动化审计工具在提高数据收集效率、减少人为误差方面的潜力，同时指出了其在数据质量和算法选择方面的挑战。
未来研究方向：提出了未来步行性研究应关注的方向，包括增强主观与客观指标的整合、提高工具的适用性和跨学科研究的融合，以推动步行性评估方法的创新和发展。
Diversity of walkability assessment tools: A variety of walkability assessment tools are identified and classified, showing how these tools differ in terms of assessment
dimensions, data sources, user-friendliness, etc.
Advantages and limitations of tools: Analyzes the advantages (such as intuitiveness, detail, flexibility) and limitations (such as data limitations, subjective bias, resource
consumption) of various evaluation tools, providing guidance for choosing appropriate evaluation tools. in accordance with.
Potential of automated audit tools: The potential of automated audit tools to improve data collection efficiency and reduce human error is highlighted, while its challenges
in data quality and algorithm selection are pointed out.
Future research directions: The directions that future walkability research should focus on are proposed, including enhancing the integration of subjective and objective
indicators, improving the applicability of tools, and integrating interdisciplinary research to promote the innovation and development of walkability assessment methods.
